Constructed wetland systems in Poland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.2001.017Keywords:
Constructed wetlands, wastewater treatment, rural areas, single household and local systems, efficiency.Abstract
Efficiency of removal of contaminants in individual and local constructed wetland systems
operating in 1995-2000 in Poland was analysed. Individual plants were composed of filter
beds of horizontal subsurface flow planted with willow (Salix viminalis) or reed (Phragmites
austra/is).
The local systems were hybrid constructed wetland systems consisting of horizontal and
vertical flow filters. All systems were fed with septic tank effluent.
Removal of organic matter and suspended solids was found to be very efficient. However the
removal of nitrogen (especially ammonia nitrogen) in one stage systems was insufficient. It
was proved that hybrid systems ensure higher efficiencies of nitrogen removal than horizontal
flow systems.
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References
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