Technological aspects of rehabilitation of disturbed lands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.2003.001Abstract
Industrial exploitation of the deposits of the North is followed by the large scale use of
natural resources (land, water, forest, fish, etc.) along with intensive disturbance and
contamination of the environment. The successful decision of the problem of sustainable
nature management is largely determined by the presence of ecologically and
economically "weighted" system of norms, standards, regulations, which are restricting
the pressure on the components of the environment. By present in Russia there are more
than 20 state standards concerning the remediation of lands and conservation of soils. The
Federal law "About the recultivation of lands" is under the preparation. But all-Russian
standards are not well adapted for the concrete conditions. Such norms need to be
regional. They should take into account the specific of the disturbance of the
environment, type of waste, climatic and economic conditions along with sustainability
of the ecosystems.
Such technological methods of remediation, as creation ofreservoirs in the depressions of
technogenic relief, covering of dusty sands (waste of smelter industries) by erosive-stable
fractions of minerals, hydro-sowing of the perennial herbs, use of plant vegetative
reproduction in recultivation, seem prospective. If natural fertile soil is absent, lake
ground deposits can be a source of the local organic fertilizer for the purposes of
recultivation. Also sideration (sowing followed by plowing at the stage of maximal
aboveground biomass) can be used. Such method as the formation of water reservoirs in
technogenic depressions should be wider used. Technological methods should take into
consideration conservation and protection of the environment. It is important to prevent
negative processes leading to the destruction of the landscape. Therefore it is expedient to
have such technical methods for the environmental protection which could allow quickly
and efficiently to stop negative process and to provide ecological safety.
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References
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