The role of wetlands in decreasing small rivers eutrofication in the Kaliningrad region

Abstract

The characteristics of possible ways of solving the problem is described as well as the
proof of expediency of realization of measures on decrease of the small rivers
eutrofication level with the help of self-cleaning abilities ofwetlands is given.
As an analog-object for research the river Gurievka (the right inflow of the river Pregel).
The water resources of this river are used for hydropower and water-supply fish-breeding
farm.
On basis of hydrochemical analysis and usage of bioindication method for saprobity
estimation the analysis of state of water ecosystem in carried out for upper, average and
undercurrent of the river Gurievka.
The waters of the river Gurievka refer to a category "moderately - contaminated".
The first results on wetland cleaning capacity research are described. This wetland is
located in the middle part of the river and presented by marshy part of the channel with
extention of 120 m.
Typha latifolia L. dominates in aquatic plants community's structure.
The decrease of water contamination level is noted with passing of water through wetland
(COD5 at the input - 4, I Mr02/JI, at the output - 2,2 MrOi/n).
By results of study of ecological state of the river it is offered to conduct operations on
reconstruction of the coastal zone and creation of artificial wetlands on plots subjected to
the greatest anthropogenic influence.